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Expat tax in Poland: 2024 guide| eBook

February 14, 2024

Employing expatriates in Poland or posting employees abroad brings a new set of obligations to any employer. Our Polish tax and labour law experts gathered all the crucial information related to cross-border employment for fiscal compliance, to provide you with a basic knowledge on the topic. Get an easy overview on expat tax in Poland, such as conditions for tax residency, personal income tax, social security and health insurance contributions or penalties for non-compliance.

Download our expat tax guide for Poland, or check out our brief infographic summary below

Overview of key facts related to expats in Poland

Our local tax, payroll and labour law experts are here to help you – as an expat or an employer – to obtain essential expert advice, so that you can effectively address all the matters related to cross-border mobility in Poland and other locations globally.

Tax residency

In Poland, tax residents are natural persons, who:

Have a centre of personal or economic interests (centre of vital interests) on the territory of Poland

They stay on Polish territory for more than 183 days in a tax year

Tax rate

Tax rate on income up to PLN 120,000
12%

%
Tax rate on income exceeding PLN 120,000
32%

%

Tax period

Calendar year

Social security contributions

Rate for the employer
20.48%

%
Rate for the employee
13.71%

%

Health insurance contributions

Rate
9%

%

From 2022, it is not possible to deduct health insurance contribution from tax to be pay.

Employee capital plans

Employee Capital Plan (PPK) is a pension saving system for the employees paying the social security contributions, regardless of the form of employment. This is a universal social program which aim is to increase the financial security of Poles. For the employer, the introduction of this program is mandatory (with exemptions), but the employee’s participation is voluntary. Employees can resign from participation in PPK by signing explicit declaration. If all employees resign and the employer falls within the definition of micro entrepreneur then it is not necessary to introduce PPK.

250 PLN welcome contribution from the state

240 PLN annual contribution from the state

Basic contribution of the employer
1.5%

%
Additional contribution of the employer
2.5%

%
Basic contribution of the employee
2%

%
Additional contribution of the employee
2%

%

Tax return filing

The due date for filing the tax return falls on the end of April, with no possibility to extend the deadline.

Penalties related to tax

Delayed filing of the tax return: from PLN 424.20 up to PLN 84,840 (to 30th of June) and from PLN 430 up to PLN 86,000 (after 1th of July)

Delayed payment of the due tax: from PLN 424.20 up to PLN 84,840 (to 30th of June) and from PLN 430 up to PLN 86,000 (after 1th of July)

Delayed or missing registrations at tax authorities: 5 years in prison or a fine up to about PLN 40,000,000, depending on the approach of the court

Delayed or missing report on monthly salary or withholding tax from salary: from PLN 424.20 up to PLN 84,840 (to 30th of  June) and from PLN 430 up to PLN 86,000 (after 1th of July)

Penalties related to social security

Not requesting an A1 form from the respective authorities: the same as the penalty for a delay with social security obligation and payment

Delayed report on social security: up to PLN 5,000

Delayed payment of the social security contributions: penalty interest is applicable

Delayed or missing registrations for the purposes of social security: from PLN 424.20 up to PLN 84,840 (to 30th of June) and from PLN 430 up to PLN 86,000 (after 1th of July)

Penalties related to health insurance

Delayed report on health insurance: from PLN 424.20 up to PLN 84,840 (to 30th of June) and from PLN 430 up to PLN 86,000 (after 1th of July)

Delayed payment of the health insurance contributions: from PLN 424.20 up to PLN 84,840 (to 30th of June) and from PLN 430 up to PLN 86,000 (after 1th of July)

Delayed or missing registrations for the purposes of health insurance: from PLN 424.20 up to PLN 84,840 (to 30th of June) and from PLN 430 up to PLN 86,000 (after 1th of July)

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